Robert Ernest Mortimer Hedges (born 1944) is a British archaeologist and specialist in archaeological science. Educated at High Wycombe Royal Grammar School and the University of Cambridge (PhD), he spent his career at the University of Oxford, becoming Professor of Archaeological Science and Fellow of St Cross College. Hedges pioneered the application of accelerator mass spectrometry to radiocarbon dating and stable-isotope analysis, transforming studies of ancient diet and environment; for these advances he received the Royal Society's Royal Medal in 2008. He retired as deputy director of Oxford's Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art in 2009 and is now an emeritus fellow of St Cross.